It led to a period of large-scale emigration out of Ireland ( apex) XD :)
The answer is A. Drove production costs up. It drove production costs down, because they were able to take less time to make the products as well as less materials because 1) standardized parts were invented around the same time, and 2) they didn't have people preparing everything so materials weren't wasted.
A Patroon is someone given land and manorial privilege from the Dutch government in New York and New Jersey.