A.Dog is the denotation of a canine
The sentence from Herman Melville's short story "The Lightning-Rod Man" that is an example of allusion is, in my opinion - Who has empowered you, you Tetzel, to peddle round your indulgences from divine ordinations?
Allusion is a reference to a person or a place outside of the text. In this case, Melville is alluding to Johann Tetzel, a Roman Catholic preacher, known for granting indulgences in exchange for money.
4 and 7 reading it from top to bottom
The answer I think is either a compound sentence or a simple sentence
compound sentence = a sentence with more than one subject or predicate.
simple sentence=
a sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate.
I can also give you the definition of clause and subject or predicate Hope this helps ;)