Answer:
b. typify a population in which all ages have an equal chance of surviving. → YES
e. are typical of annual plants → YES
Explanation:
Different species have survival curves differently shaped. In general terms, there are three different survival curves.
- Type I. Mortality often occurs at the end of the cycle, representing species with low mortality. Organisms exhibiting this type of survivorship curve have long cycles of life and high probabilities to survive until they are old enough. These species have few descendants and spend too much time and energy in parental care to ensure their reproductive success.
- Type II. The probabilities of dying are equals all along the cycle, at any age interval. The number of dead individuals remains constant from the beginning to the end of the life cycle. These species have reduced offsprings, and they ensure their reproductive success by providing some significant parental care.
- Type III. Significant mortality during the early stages of life. Only a few individuals reach the later life stages, getting to survive their first period of life. Survivors usually have a long life. These species produce big offsprings at the same time, but they provide little or no parental care. Their reproductive success relies on the number of descendants.
Type II survivorship curves:
a. are characteristic of humans and elephants → No, this is Type I curve
b. typify a population in which all ages have an equal chance of surviving. → YES
c. indicate a high mortality rate in the very young. → No, this is Type III curve
d. show that very few young are produced, that each is given parental support, and that most individuals live a relatively long life and die of old age. → No, this is Type I curve
e. are typical of annual plants → YES
Answer:
Climate change has been described as one of the biggest problems faced by humankind. Carbon dioxide is is the primary driver of global warming. Prof Joanna Haigh from Imperial College London explains why this gas has played a crucial role in shaping the Earth's climate.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been present in the atmosphere since the Earth condensed from a ball of hot gases following its formation from the explosion of a huge star about five billion years ago.
At that time the atmosphere was mainly composed of nitrogen, CO2 and water vapour, which seeped through cracks in the solid surface. A very similar composition emerges from volcanic eruptions today.
As the planet cooled further some of the water vapour condensed out to form oceans and they dissolved a portion of the CO2 but it was still present in the atmosphere in large amounts.
