Answer:
1- Which territory did the Normans conquer in 1066?
The Anglo Saxon Kingdom.
This event led to the creation of England.
2- Which territory did the Muslims take over after the decline of the Roman Empire?
The Caliphate of Cordova.
Most of this region later became part of Spain.
Explanation:
1- The Norman conquest of England began in 1066 with the Norman Duke William's army invading the Kingdom of England. The Normans initially won the Battle of Hastings. The subsequent successful conquest of the British Isles was a significant and groundbreaking event in British history. It removed the former ruling class and replaced it with a French-speaking military and ecclesiastical upper class. This led to a decisive and lasting change of language and culture in England. By placing England under rulers originating in France, England also gained a stronger connection to the continent, which replaced the former Scandinavian contact. It also led to significant British involvement in power over France. The conquest had consequences for the British Isles as a whole, as they opened up for a Norman invasion of Wales and Ireland, as well as for a widespread penetration of the Scottish aristocracy by Norman and other French-speaking families, and the introduction of a feudal system in the south of Scotland.
2- The Caliphate of Cordova was a Sunni Muslim state whose territories included the Iberian Peninsula (al-Andalus of the Muslims) and part of North Africa. Its capital was the city of Cordoba. Its period of existence was characterized by astonishing successes in the cultural and commercial field.
It lasted until 1031, when after years of internal conflict, it disintegrated into a series of independent kingdoms. Despite its political divisions into different states, Iberian Islamic culture continued until 1492, when its last foothold, the Alhambra in Granada, was officially surrendered to the Christians, marking the end of the Reconquista period in Iberian Peninsula.
