It would be the eight amendment
The Eighth Amendment (Amendment VIII) of the United States Constitution prohibits the federal, state, and local governments of the United States, or any other government, or any corporation, private enterprise, group, or individual, from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT
The answer is B) A series of actions by the Catholic Church intended to spread and defend the Catholic faith.
The counter-reformation was in response to the Protestant reformation, so the first answer is out of the question.
Martin Luthers own actions sparked the Protestant reformation, and as mentioned prior - it was a response to the Protestant reformation (however, during this time they did solidify the power of the pope).
First of all, it should be mentioned that Rudyard Kipling was a renowned author of short stories and books, among them the famous The Jungle Book, which tells the story of Mogli. In this sense, it is also worth mentioning the advent of Neocolonialism, which used the notion of race domination to justify the capitalist expansion it wished to undertake. Kipling was one of the minds harnessed by Neocolonialism, and his works, which preached the inferiority of non-white people and, consequently, white supremacy, can be considered racist because they aimed at the reduction of individuals based on racial criteria, at the same time time that can be considered ethnocentric because they place the Caucasian European man as the center of the world, superior to the others, and who, therefore, would have legitimacy to govern everything and everyone.
Answer:
Indian Appropriations Act of 1871
Explanation:
In March 1871, Congress passed a law depriving Indian tribes of the right to be considered independent nations, relations with which were regulated on a contractual basis. Their new status was defined as wards of the United States, in respect of which Congress was entitled to issue any laws governing their lives and property. On this, the contractual period of Indian politics ended.
