In absence of oxygen, the respiratory cycle cannot function, which shuts down the Krebs cycle.
For this reason, the Krebs cycle is considered an aerobic pathway for energy production.
Explanation:
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Answer:
A truncated protein refers to a protein that gets shortened due to a mutation, which does not allow the process of translation to take place properly. The formation of a truncated protein can take place due to a frameshift mutation of one or two base pairs. In such kind of mutation, a single or two base pairs get withdrawn from the sequence resulting in the formation of a completely changed triplicate codon sequence, which may result in the generation of a truncated protein comprising a different set of amino acids.
A nonsense mutation can also result in the formation of a truncated protein. A nonsense mutation generally codes for certain kinds of amino acid, however, post mutation can get converted into a stop codon. This transformation can result in the formation of a truncated protein.
Deletion or insertion at the chromosomal level can also result in the formation of a truncated protein. As insertion and deletion of a certain concentration of DNA can probably lead to the formation of a novel codon that can either be a nonsense codon or a stop codon, which may eventually result in the formation of a truncated protein.
Hence, the correct answers are statements 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 6th
Answer:
Failure of chromosome to separate
Explanation:
The main essence of meiotic division is to form daughter cells with a reduced number of chromosomes that will maintain the correct chromosomal number in an organism. This is achieved when chromosomes separate during gamete formation (meiosis) to produce haploid (n) gametes.
However, a case may arise whereby chromosomes fail to separate during the anaphase stage of meiosis. This case is referred to as MEIOTIC NON-DISJUNCTION. As meiosis occurs in two stages i.e. meiosis I and II, so does meiotic nondisjunction. It can occur in meiosis I, where homologous chromosomes fail to separate or meiosis II, where sister chromatids fail to separate.
If it occurs in meiosis I, Two gametes will have a n-1 chromosome number i.e. one chromosome is missing while Two other gametes will have n+1 chromosome number i.e. one extra chromosome is added.
If it occurs in meiosis II, two normal haploid gametes (n) will be produced while the other two will have a n+1 and n-1 chromosome number respectively.
When these abnormal gametes (n+1, n-1) fuses with a normal gamete (n), the resulting organisms possess a chromosomal anomaly called ANEUPLOIDY i.e. a disorder in chromosomal number. The organisms will have 47 and 45 chromosomes depending on whether n+1 or n-1 gametes is involved respectively.
Answer: Climate is the long-term average of weather, typically averaged over a period of 30 years. Some of the meteorological variables that are commonly measured are temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, and precipitation.
Explanation:
