Answer:
a. Variable interval reinforcement schedules are intermittent reinforcement schedules that are based on time, whereas variable ratio reinforcement schedules are intermittent reinforcement schedules that are based on behaviors
Explanation:
Variable here means number of responses/behaviours or amount of time between reinforcements vary or change. Interval means schedule works with time or is based on time between reinforcements hence the name variable interval reinforcement. Ratio here means the schedule is based on the number of responses between reinforcements hence the name variable ratio reinforcement schedule. Both reinforcement occur randomly or inconsistently and none is fixed or specified, this is why the variable is there, but they now differ by "time" and "behavior"
Feudalism, in its various forms, usually emerged as a result of the decentralization of an empire, especially in the Carolingian empires, which lacked the bureaucratic infrastructure necessary to support cavalry without the ability to allocate land to these mounted troops.
Answer:
Defensive listening
Explanation:
The concept of defensive listening refers to the tendency we have to take an innocent comment from someone else as a personal attack to ourselves. Basically, it refers to take a general statement as a personal attack.
In this example, Thelma baked a cake and Louise said her mom would decorate the cake so elaborately. This is a <u>general statement about Thelma's memories of the cakes her mom would made</u>. However, T<u>helma takes this as a personal attack and responds in a defensive manner </u>saying sorry for not decorating the cake extravagantly. Thus, this would be an example of defensive listening.
New England that's 1 that's all
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