Answer: The realm of North Africa and Southwest Asia is large and expansive in terms of physical area, but its regions share a number of common qualities. The physical area of this realm is divided into three regions: North Africa, Southwest Asia, and the countries of Turkestan (the geographic region of Central Asia). The countries in the North African region include the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea from Morocco to Sudan. The realm borders the Atlantic Ocean, the Sahara Desert, and the African Transition Zone. Egypt has territory in both Africa and Asia through its possession of the Sinai Peninsula.
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Modifying land is a common activity in all regions of the world. People modify their environments so they can use the resources for survival and profit. Land in South and Southeast Asia commonly is modified for three things: lumber, farming, and palm oil plantations. People in South and Southeast Asia use lumber to build structures, create furniture, and make ornamental objects, as well as to sell and to export to other regions. To modify land for farming, people in South and Southeast Asia use a technique known as slash-and-burn farming to clear areas and create fertile soil. This allows them to continue farming even after some land loses its nutrients. Finally, people in South and Southeast Asia create palm oil plantations, which produce an important oil used to fry, preserve, and create consistency in food. It is also used as a biodiesel fuel and exported around the world. These are all positive modifications that have enhanced the lives of people living in these regions. However, these land modifications also cause some negative effects. Deforestation has been a large problem in these regions. Forests are disappearing and taking plants and animals’ habitats with them. Many of these forests are not growing back and may not come back for hundreds of years. When vegetation is replanted, it sometimes lacks diversity and makes it hard for animals to find new homes. Deforestation can also limit resources for future populations. Finally, air pollution is a common result of slash-and-burn farming.
The Khyber Pass: The chief mountain pass between Pakistan and Afghanistan, west of Peshawar. 33 miles (53 kilometers) long; 6,825 feet (2,080 meters) high.
The Bolan Pass: The pass is an 89-km (55-mi) stretch of the Bolan River valley from Rindli in the south to Darwāza near Kolpur in the north. It is made up of a number of narrow gorges and stretches.
The North Atlantic deep water is a water mass formed deep in the Atlantic ocean and the circulation of the thermohaline layer in these ocean describes the distribution of sea salts in the ocean when the water is coo, it shrinks through the convection due to the increased density.
Thus the cold water is rich in oxygen and due to the decrease in the strength f the gulf stream that brings the warm water due to the cooling experience of the North Atlantic drift. Atlantic is a growing plate and pacific is a shrinking plate.
As compared to the warm and saline waters of the pacific ocean as a maximum of 37 parts per thousand is found in this ocean and being a zone of high volcanic and plate tectonic activity that brings out gases and lava at the ocean floor this area has less percentage of oxygen than Atlantic deep.
