Ethics is something people learn every time and it differs differently on each person based on how they where raised. The focus on "administering justice" has a guide on how to properly do so. Officers and other judicial officials do not go into the job doing what they think is correct, they do what the books, laws, and policies say.
It depends,
-during timed tests, such as the SAT or ACT, one does need to remember the passages and information given to answer the questions with deliberate speed to finish on time
-regarding schoolwork, it’s better to read it over twice or thrice just to understand the question and to develop an answer that would best fit it.
They are required to have legally acquired evidence
They are required to have a warrant of arrest
I am unsure of the third. However, it could be that a witness (aside from the victim and/or officer) was present.
I can see 3 main groups:
The poor - they have a promise of a “reward” in heaven if they obey Church and King.
The Church and King - it provided them with great temporal power. Ever hear of the Divine Right of Kings?
Those people that Xtian armies or “missionaries” held at sword point and gave them the choice of convert or die.
