Eugene Debs became a socialist in 1897 while c) serving time in jail. He was incarcerated after he was complicit with the Pullman Strike and he read various social works and became a more radicalized social worker than when he had gone into jail. This was when he became a founding member of three different American socialist parties.
The Great Depression caused drastic declines in output, severe unemployment, and acute deflation in almost every country of the world.