Invasions, the rise of eastern empire, Los of traditional tribes, economic troubles
They needed 9 out of the 13 states.
Answer: B
Explanation: The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.
I’m pretty sure the answer is B: city-state