The President could make treaties, ( with the advice and consent of Senate of course ) appoint Ambassadors, commander and chief of the Army and Navy, and according to the article, "<span>when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices," the president can grant reprieves and pardons except for impeachment, he takes care of laws faithfully executed, and he shall commission all officers of the United States.</span>
You ask a question that you don't regarding school subjects and others who come across your question and know how to answer will help you and reply
The short answer is: "to a great extent". The entire plan of the Federalists was to create a strong central government instead of having many autonomous states. Of course this occasionally went against national unity in the sense that some people were opposed to this plan, but in general they favored unity.
The Black Death killed 38 million people, it was a terrible illness which spread rapidly.
The Great Schism was in 1054 and the Christian church broke up into two sections, which essentially divided the Church with two popes.
I would say that trade would be "believed to travel to Europe because of this", because it would not really fit anywhere else.
Now, I'm not two sure on the last one but the Hundred Years War was where King Edward the III of England thought that he should be the king of France, so there was a very long battle between the two. I would say the Hundred Years War would be started by division of the heir to the throne of England, and France and Italy did not agree who was to be pope. Since the Hundred Years War had really nothing to do with Italy.
