Values are general guidelines, while norms are specific guidelines. Values are general standards, which decide what is good and what is bad. Norms are rules and expectations that specify how people should and should not behave in various social situation.Across a society, cultural values underpin what the society deems to be good or bad, acceptable or unacceptable, normal or strange. Cultural beliefs are ideas that members of the culture hold to be true and are rooted in the shared values of the culture. A norm is a cultural expectation for behavior.
cultures use the environment to their advantage as well as the available livestock, for instance, the incans built long mountainous roads that would make a difficult trek for humans carrying goods, therefore they used llamas, a native animal to the province to carry goods for merchants. This technique was hardly used in other civilizations.