Confrontation always advances the plot, because it causes a lose-lose solution, meaning no one is happy, so there was no solution and confrontation could've made it worse.
Smart Snacking
"Don't eat that, you'll spoil your appetite." If only you had a dollar for every time you heard that growing up.
But if the right foods are offered at the right times, snacks can play an important role in managing kids' hunger and boosting nutrition. A well-timed snack can even out spikes in hunger and provide a much-needed energy boost between meals.
Snacks can keep younger children from getting so hungry that they become cranky, and they can keep older kids from overeating at larger meals. And for picky eaters of all ages, snacks can be added insurance that they're getting the necessary nutrients.
This doesn't mean that giving your child a cupcake half an hour before dinner is suddenly a good idea. The best snacks are nutritious — low in sugar, fat, and salt. Fresh fruit and vegetables and foods that contain whole grains and protein are also good choices.
But it's not just about what you offer as a snack — it's how much you serve and when. Pay attention to portion sizes and timing of snacks so they don't interfere with a child's appetite for the next scheduled meal.
Kids who are allowed to graze all day long often have a hard time figuring out when they're truly hungry — one key to maintaining a healthy weight in childhood and later in life. A structured meal and snack schedule is one solution. You offer the meals and snacks at the same times each day, and your kids can decide what they want to eat and how much.
Answer:
There is no systematic research only bits and pieces. Animal researchers have determined that some animals have a sense of justice (some monkey species will reject a treat if they see you give a better treat to another monkey), feel love and jealousy (dogs; the former from brain scan proof), feel anger, target specific humans for revenge (some birds), and thus that moral sense evolved.
Brain scans on humans making ethical choices in conditions of ethical conflict show that two brain regions, one akin to disgust and one to caluclating effects, are involved; people with brain injuries to the former (and psychopaths) calculate only using the latter. (Look up “the Trolley Hypothetical” online).
Earlier research about the stages of moral development have been debunked. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development - Wikipedia
Essentially anything affecting the human brain and human decision-making and human personality can also affect moral reasoning and the behavior choices related to it. Thus studies of criminals have shown that each additional bad thing increases the risk of later criminality, including being rejected by your Mom at birth, a difficult birth, Mom’s pre-natal drug/alcohol use, drug/alcohol abuse in the home, being a victim of or seeing violence, malnutrition, etc. Thus moral choices can have many influences.
