Three effects are:
-Members of both parties share almost equal core beliefs
-Two parties create a new division of issues which helps to clarify and classify issues based on differing ideologies
-Two parties make it easier to run for office
Hope this helps... :)
Took over much of the economical and political world and influence...?
The Empire was far too vast
The Catholic religion split, causing conflict
Constant hammering of Germans and nomads
Losing money because of raids