Answer:
A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells, and they also occur in some eukaryotes. Often, the genes carried in plasmids provide bacteria with genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.
A gene is spliced by assembling different gene segments and DNA sequences into a product called a chimera. Scientists join these snippets in a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid. Scientists use a complex process to clone genes from an organism's DNA.
<span>Technically you could have both influenza and bronchitis at the same time, but it is not likely. Influenza is the word for a respiratory infection caused by a virus whereas bronchitis is an infection specifically of the bronchi in the lungs. However, influenza is characterized by different symptoms from bronchitis due to the different systemic nature of influenza.</span>
Answer:
Four
Explanation:
During spermatogenesis, some diploid spermatogonia become larger in size and transform into primary spermatocytes. These diploid primary spermatocytes enter meiosis to produce haploid spermatids. One primary spermatocyte enters meiosis-I and produces two secondary spermatocytes. These secondary spermatocytes are haploids. Each of these two secondary spermatocytes enters the meiosis-II and produces two haploid spermatids. In this way, one diploid primary spermatocyte produces four haploid spermatids.
Cross-pollination, or when pollen from one plant fertilizes another plant of the same produces outcrossing or outbreeding.
Explanation:
Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen from a plant's stamen to a different plant's stigma of the same species. They produces stronger plants. For example only pollen from a daisy can pollinate another daisy.
They have male and female reproductive units on separate plant. If they are on the same plant he pollen will not fertilize the female reproductive unit on the plant.
This process needs four steps pollination, germination, penetration of the ovule and fertilization. The Zygote divides to form an embryo after fertilization.
