TPA is a medicine that is used in ischemia strokes to burst a clot.
Hold two fingers to beneath the jaw line then count how many beats in 6 (eg) seconds the multiply by 10 (eg) so you get the number of beats in one minute
Answer:
Ascertain that the needle is not in a blood vessel
Explanation:
In subcutaneous administration, a small amount of liquid medicine is injected into the subcutaneous tissue below the patient's skin. This type of injection is indicated for the administration of anticoagulants, hypoglycemic agents and vaccines (anti-rabies and anti-measles). The drug is slowly absorbed into the nearby capillaries, giving prolonged effect of the drug. Intramuscular injections deposit the medication deep into the muscle tissue, which is highly vascularized and can absorb rapidly. This route of administration provides rapid systemic action and absorption of relatively large doses.
Regardless of whether the injection is subcutaneous or intramuscular, one should carefully pull the plunger to make sure that the needle is not in a blood vessel and does not cause bleeding.
At the onset of a muscle contraction, the presence of calcium triggers the opening of the Na-K channels in the membrane. Potassium is a calcium inhibitor, so as the potassium flows out of the cell, it eventually reduces the presence of calcium. This causes the closure of the Na-K channel (negative feedback mechanism). In a hypokalemic state, the lack of sufficient K doesn't inhibit the calcium channel, and in turn doesn't properly terminate the muscle contraction at the cellular level.
