Answer:
See below.
Step-by-step explanation:

Your weight: x lb
Friend's wt.: 86 lb
Max wt. allowed: 263 lb
Then x + 86 ≤ 263, with x in lb. You could weigh a max. of 177 lb and still be able to go on this ride.
Check whether it is possible to have a triangle with the given side lengths for example 7,9,13 then add any two sides and see if it is greater than the other side. Example the sum of 7 and 9 is 16 and 16 is greater than 13