This difference marks a cleavage that splits Agrarian Fundamentalists into two factions-Tory and Marxist. The Tories believe that large farms and enclosures maintained or increased farm employment while increasing production even more; the result was a rise in both yields and labour productivity. In contrast, the Marxists insist that the new institutions reduced farm employment, thereby raising productivity. These different views about farm operations have important implications for the analyses of the contributions of agrarian change to manufacturing development and of the causes of inequality.
Political: The Songhai Empire was divided into five provinces each led by a governor. Under Askia Muhammad, all the governors, judges, and town chiefs were Muslims. The emperor had total power, but he also had ministers who ran different aspects of the empire for him. They also counseled the emperor on important issues. Social: The society of the Songhai was organized like a caste system that wasn't rigid and used Islam to give the lower classes opportunities to navigate the rungs of society. Economic: Transcript of The Economy in the Rise and Fall of the Songhai Empire. "Trade flourished and made nobles rich. Songhai exported gold, salt, kola nuts, and slaves. They imported textiles, horses, and luxury goods." Songhai's main economic specializations were farming, fishing, mining, the craft of blacksmith, trading, witch-doctors, and they also had a fairly strong military.
The country that created a string of holdings along the coast of West Africa and even as far as into China and Japan during the 1400s is Portugal. Portugal is considered to be a southern European country in which their culture has influenced many cultures.
People wanted these jobs because government officials were respected and enjoyed privileges, such as being excused from taxes and military service.