Answer:
Natural selection also affects allele frequency. If an allele confers a phenotype that enables an individual to better survive or have more offspring, the frequency of that allele will increase.
Explanation:
that's it
Answer:
Adaptive immune defense system consists of lymphocytes like B-lymphocytes and T- lymphocytes. B-lymphocytes provides humoral immunity while T- lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunity to the body.
99% of lymphocytes circulate freely in the blood and lymph. B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma B cells and B memory cells when interact with antigen presented by T helper cells.
Then plasma cells secrete antibodies in the circulation which binds to extracellular antigens through antigen-binding site. Then the bounded antigen is recognized by receptors present on phagocytic cells. This receptor binds the Fc region of antigen bounded antibody and destroy the antigen by phagocytosis.
Answer:
Protiens
Explanation:
because the DNA or RNA is translatted to sequence.
Answer:
electromagnetic radiation refers to the waves of the electromagnetic field, propagating through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.
Answer:
Eubacteria are prokaryotic organisms, as characterized by the lack of a membrane-enclosed nucleus, predominantly unicellular, with DNA in a single circular chromosome, and have peptidoglycan on cell wall when present. They include most of the familiar bacteria of medical and economic importance such as E.
Explanation:
