The correct option is A (the careful gathering of statistics).
Explanation:
In research, facts are analyzed to arrive at a conclusion.
Statistics are hard data (numbers, percentages) that draw a picture of the situation we want to analyze. For example, research conducted to establish the participation of a company in the market or even their revenues should be based on figures to be credible.
The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London published in 1903 when strong sled dogs were in high demand. The central character of the novel is a dog named Buck. This book contains the author's view of socialism and realism. Place of love and its emotions are not surely present in it.