The Russian term glasnost refers policies that are generally "transparent"--meaning that the general public can "see" into the workings of government. Perestroika had to do more with "reconstructing" Russian policies to fit a more modern world.
The answers are Afghanistan and Red army, hope this helps all you testers!!
It revolutionized the maritime industry by allowing faster travel that could now be controlled without being reliant on wind currents. Along with it being faster, you could now transport goods on larger ships through smaller bodies of water like rivers.