During the Middle Ages, cities where not very common. Cities where very hard to build, there needed to be a certain small town to be rich enough to expand. But, the big cities where developed by a leader, King or Queen. This leader had a large amount of money and would continually buy land and expand there territories. For a town to be successful they would need to be in a stable relationship with the big cities. The town folk would work the land in exchange for protection. But the town folk would also get unfairly taxed.
They each had been around for a long time, and have created different traditions and inventions to help adapt to their surorundings.
The massachusetts bay colony