By 1521, two years after Spanish arrival.
Rise
The rise of Islam in Africa and Asia was a consequences of years of military and political strategies as well as missionary work. After the Arab peninsula was united under one leadership of the prophet of Islam, there was enough stability and funding to expand abroad.
Islam grew out of a region that is correctly identified as the Middle East, completely in between both Africa and vast Asia.
The natural expansion of the religion took place in Palestine and to the east in, Syria and Persia up til modern-day Pakistan.
On the west, the expansion was naturally in Egypt and North Africa.
Fall
While Islam never 'Fell' out of Africa, there was a marked decline in Islamic Empires. This was mostly due to European powers who were scrambling for Africa. This saw the English, French, Belgians all conquer large parts of the land and use them for slaves and other trades.
With the exception of Austria-Hungary, new imperialism was entrenched in the policies of all the European powers. This frenzy to acquire colonies was due to the potential financial and psychological benefits that colonies provide. Financially speaking, the colonies can help European nation’s name economy by firstly providing the raw materials necessary for industrialization which were lacking in continental Europe. Secondly, after using the raw materials to produce the merchandise, the colonies provided a market where the European nations can sell their manufactured goods. Hence, new colonies can begin an exploitive cycle where the European nations take resources from their colonial subjects then profits exportation of completed goods
