Natural Law
This is a philosophy asserting that certain rights are inherent by virtue of human nature or transcendent source. As a result, we are naturally inclined towards certain objective principles that come from our nature and can be discovered through reason.
Answer:
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Explanation:
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was the philosopher that matched the description given.
Answer:
Because of the New Deal.
Explanation:
President Franklin D. Roosevelt. His dissatisfaction over Supreme Court decisions holding New Deal programs unconstitutional prompted him to seek out methods to change the way the court functioned.