The light reactions convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and the reduced electron carrier NADPH
Answer:
The proportion 'p-hat' that were cyanobacteria is 0.76
Explanation:
The proportion of cyanobacteria is the relationship between the whole sample and the actual quantity of cyanobacteria found in the sample, that were not other algae. In general, proportions are written as fractions. The<em> numerator is the number of cyanobacteria in the sample, while the denominator is the total number of organisms in the sample</em>.
So, in the exposed example we know that
- The sample was composed of 50 algae
- There were two categories for the sample: algae that were cyanobacteria, and algae that were not cyanobacteria
- Algae that were cyanobacteria = 38
- Algae that were not cyanobacteria = 12
If we want to study the relationship between the sample and cyanobacteria and express it as a proportion, then we need to divide the number of cyanobacteria by the number of algae in the sample. This is
38/50 ----> Fraction expression of the relationship between cyanobacteria
and the sample
0.76 ----> Proportion of cyanobacteria in the whole sample.
Answer:
A.) NO₃⁻
Explanation:
NO₃⁻ = nitrate
NO₂⁻ = nitrite
NH₃ = ammonia
N₂ = nitrogen (nitrogen naturally exists as a diatomic molecule)
Acid drainage results as a consequence of strip mining that produces sulfuric acid that can harm living things.
Explanation:
Strip mining mainly done to mine coal destroys land surfaces and pollutes the biotic organisms and abiotic components like water, soil and air.
Acid mine drainage (AMD) from a mine refers to the acidic material outflow from a mining site. This acidic outflow mixes with surface ground water and will pollute it.
The net acidity of the AMD is mainly due to sulfur-containing compounds (mostly iron sulfide) which dissolves in the surface water and air. When rain occurs, it mixes with the sulfur dioxide present in the air and causes acid rain.
Effects of acid mine drainage
- The acidity of AMD is very high and reduces the pH of whichever water it mixes with. The water will be considered undrinkable and can leach and burn the skin surfaces when contact with it.
- These can kill the aquatic organisms when mixed in the water bodies.
- AMD when combined with other metals like arsenic, lead, cadmium etc present in the earth can produce more toxic substances.
- AMD can corrode metal structures.
This expresses a exothermic dissolution into water.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Solution is the homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where is liquid which is more in concentration than the other called solvent, where is the other one is less in concentration than the previous called solute. The formation of solution requires three types of bond breaking or formation:
A. Breaking of solute solute bonds.
B. Breaking of solvent solvent interaction.
C. Formation of solvent solute interaction.
The first two processes requires energy which is needed to be supplied from outside hence endothermic where as the other step that is the formation of solvent solute interaction is is giving out energy to the system, hence exothermic.
Is the collective value of the first two processes is more than the last process then more energy is required by the system to break bonds rather than forming one. So the process becomes endothermic in total. On the other hand if the solvent solute interaction releases more energy than the two processes then the whole process becomes exothermic. This is what is is discussed in the question.
