Answer:
1. The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
2. the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
3. Genetic material, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), plays a fundamental role in the composition of living organisms.
4. DNA is called the blueprint of life because it contains the instructions needed for an organism to grow, develop, survive and reproduce. ... Proteins do most of the work in cells, and are the basic unit of structure and function in the cells of organisms.
5. The set of genes that an offspring inherits from both parents, a combination of the genetic material of each, is called the organism's genotype. The genotype is contrasted to the phenotype, which is the organism's outward appearance and the developmental outcome of its genes.
6. Inherited trait: Trait received by offspring from parent. Both physical or behavioral characteristics can be inherited. Acquired trait: Behaviors or that are learned or acquired through interaction with environment and life experiences.
7. Sexual reproduction is the union of male and female gametes to form a fertilized egg, or zygote. The resulting offspring inherit one half of their traits from each parent. Consequently they are not genetically identical to either parent or siblings, except in the case of identical twins.
8. Through his careful breeding of garden peas, Gregor Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity and laid the mathematical foundation of the science of genetics.
