Answer:
a
Explanation:
hate speech is speech that is hateful towards a group of people, not just one particular person. in this case, francis's friend was targeting foreign children.
if the caption stopped at the smelly lunches, it'd just be a mean comment, but saying that all foreigners should be put in cages is hate speech.
Active words are used when the person speaking them is doing the action I.E I threw the ball.
Passive is the opposite. It is used when the subject of the sentence has had something happen to it by someone or something else.
I believe it is sentence four.