Diseases like small pox. Europeans where in a way adapted to it, but the people in the new world did not stand a chance because they did not encounter it before.
Pope Urban II was the person responsible for the very influential speech that called for the start of a crusade. He wanted to take back the Holy Land from the Muslims, along with the leader of the Byzantine Empire writing him a letter asking for help. This was a very powerful speech which started the rise of the Crusaders, who Pope Urban II promised if they would fight in this war they would get the remission of their sins, even if they died in battle.
B. Iraq
Iraq's politics has a framework of federal parliamentary representative democratic republic. The executive power are given to the Prime Minister of the Council of the Ministers (head government) President of Iraq, and the Council of Representatives and the Federation Council is given the legislative power.
The law was signed by President Eisenhower on July 30, 1956.
The U.S. government introduced rationing mostly in order to <span>make sure war industries had the resources they needed</span>. The answer to your question is A. I hope that this is the answer that you were looking for and it has helped you.