The associative property allows you to change the <em>grouping</em> of addends or factors without changing the value of the expression.
It looks as though there are 25 21-40 year-olds. 40% of 25 is 10, this is the amount that are AGAINST the increase. Therefore the ones in favor for the increase must be 25 - 10 = 15.
You should be able to follow the same process to get the 41-60 year-olds against an increase. Just be sure to read the given information carefully
Answer: you need to add them together then add BAND D to the same expersion
1 29/50 is the simplest form of 158%
D.) Subtracting 9 from each side.