What comes to mind is salvation although I can't be sure, it makes the most sense.
Answer:
Except : A) deny African Americans citizenship.
Explanation:
US Congress passed the First Civil Rights in April 1866 that granted citizenship to all African Americans and annuled the infamous Supreme Court´s Dred Scott decision of 1857. So, the Black Codes laws couldn´t impede freed black people from becoming American citizens.
Answers:
b. 1776
a. the Declaration of Independence
a. All nations are conceived in liberty