Answer: Confederation Congress
Explanation:
Established after the Revolutionary War, it served as the governing body of the newly formed U.S. through the Articles of Confederation, which emphasised the independence and sovereignty of the member states, creating a very weak central government.
The Crusades were military expeditions organized by western European Christians to keep in check the spread of Islam and recapture former Christian territories that now were Muslim. The Crusades began in 1095 and lasted for almost 200 years.
To some historians, even when these religious wars presented gruesome results, they ultimately were a factor in European civilization development as the growth of the system of indulgences and the reinforced link between Western Christendom, feudalism, and militarism, led to the Protestant Reformation.
Jamaica gained it's Independence from Britain in 1962, though is was ruled by the Spanish for over 100 years prior to the British taking control in 1655. Britain held onto Jamaica for a whopping 307 years. Independence was and is considered a good thing by many Jamaicans, but in the modern era, almost 60% of Jamaican citizens say they'd prefer to be ruled by the British again, very different from most former British colonies.
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An oligarchy- by definition- means, “A small group of people having control of a country, group, or organization.” (Source for definition: “Google”)
The answers not supported by this definition are: B, C, and D, as B and C are citizen-contributed systems, and D is a monarchy/dictatorship.
This leaves us with answer “A” being the only plausible answer to fit our description.
I hope this helps!