Winter ❄️
Explanation:
It had been really cold which could affect our health. We will be most likely to catch a cold . Catching a cold is not a really good feeling.
Answer: The answer is helicase. This enzyme allows of the unzipping of the double helix DNA to form the replicating fork. They use ATP hydrolysis to break the hydrogen bonds between nucleotide bases. This comes before binding, on the DNA, by replication enzymes such as DNA Polymerase III.
Explanation:
I'm Smart
Answer:
Boating along the Indian River Lagoon allows you to explore an estuary of national significance. This means that the estuary, the most biologically diverse estuary in North America, has a significant impact on the area. If you want to explore this important body of water along Florida's east coast, join 321 Boat Club
Request: Please mark me as the Brainliest.
Answer:
Phospholipids
Explanation:
Phospholipids are a particular kind of lipid (an oil) that forms a two-layered surface that surrounds and protects all living cells. The phosphates are essential to forming this bilayered structure. This membrane has a semipermeable function that selectively allows some elements and molecules to go in or out of the cell and thus helps maintain the cell in equilibrium.
Answer and Explanation:
- The normal function of the CFTR protein is to transport Cl- ions as it works as a chlorine channel regulated by AMPc and by protein kinase K (PKA). CFTR is also a regulator for other ionic channels. The CFTR protein expresses in the luminal portion of the secretory and absorptive epithelial membranes and they have an important role in the secretion of electrolytes activated by AMPc and intracellular calcium. This protein constitutes the way out of Cl-from the lumen. Apart from its secretory function, CFTR protein also regulates the function of the electrolyte by inhibiting the epithelial Na+ channel activity in absorptive epithelial cells from the colon and aerial vias, and by activating the Na+ channel in sudoriparous conducts.
- Given that defects on the CFTR protein take to a defective regulation in the Na+ channel, the cystic fibrosis characterizes for alterations in electrolytes secretions and absorption. There are two important physiopathological mechanisms:
1) altered Cl- secretion in submucous glands,
2) increased Na+ absorption and consequent electrolytes hyperabsorption in the superficial epithelium.
Patients with cystic fibrosis are incapable of increasing their secretory transport. On the contrary, the increased epithelial Na+ conductance in apical membranes, the paracellular permeability to Cl- and elevated permeability to water, all together, do not allow a higher osmotic transepithelial gradient, which leads to a hyperabsorption in the patient epitheliums. The superficial liquid layer in the aerial vias decrease, mucous glands are not released from the mucus and the mucociliary clearance is strongly altered in aerial vias.
- The Lumacaftor (VX-809) is a drug directed to type II mutations. These mutations are present in an elevated number of patients with CF and include Phe508del that is the most frequent mutation. Ivacaftor (VX-770), is a drug directed to type III mutations in homozygote patients for Phe508del.
Given that lumacaftor helps the movement of Phe508del CFTR to the cell surface and the ivacaftor increases the opening time and the Cl- conductance through the epithelial cell, the treatment can be possible with a combination of the two drugs.
Another alternative compound is VX-661 that <u>is being studied</u>. Its efficiency is being evaluated by itself and together with ivacaftor.
