Answer:
a) produced the oxygen in the atmosphere
Explanation:
- Prokaryotes are likely to first form of life on earth and they existed billions of years ago before animals and plants.
- As these prokaryotes can do photosynthesis so there most important function is produce oxygen in atmosphere for the evolution of aerobic life.
- At that time the conditions were harsh on earth so these prokaryotes are used to survive under earth like in oceans. They first produce oxygen in oceans.
- In eukaryotes photosynthesis emerge by endosymbiosis with photosynthetic prokaryotes.
The white blood cell is called NEUTROPHIL. Neutrophils play important roles in the immune system; they move around the body via the blood stream and when they sense signals that foreign bodies are present, they move to the site of the infection and destroy them. They are among the first set of immune cells that defend the body against infection.
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is a Y-5 molar pattern.
<h3>What is the Y-5 molar pattern?</h3>
- This is a distinctive type of molar teeth pattern found in apes and hominoids.
- In this, 5 cusps or raised surfaces are present on the grinding surface of teeth, roughly forming a Y- shape. Therefore, this is also known as Y-5 pattern.
- Whereas Old world monkeys have only 4 cusps on their lower molars present in a bilophodont pattern.
- A Y-5 molar is formed when the tooth is divided into different pieces which form the complete structure of the tooth.
- In bilophodont pattern the tooth is divided into 2 symmetric sections.
- The dental formula of apes is 2.1.2.3/2.1.2.3 i.e. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars.
Learn more about dentition in apes here:
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Answer:
Enzymes are one kind of protein which functioning as catalyst that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy.Enzyme accelerate a reaction without altering its chemical equilibrium.
Explanation:
Energy which is required for start a biochemical reaction is called activation energy.Activation Energy helps to jump and start a thermodynamically favorable reactions.
Enzymes can many way to its activation energy.
1. The enzyme may hold the substrates in such a way as to distort the substrate bonds closer to their form in the transition state. This reduces the amount of energy needed to complete the transition.
2.Enzyme create a charge distributor which opposite of transition state his lowers the energy of the transition state and decreases the activation energy.
3.The enzyme may reduce the reaction entropy by bringing substrates together in the correct orientation to react.
4. The enzyme may provide a completely different chemical pathway for the reaction. It may form new bonds in the ES complex that would be difficult to form without the enzyme.
