Answer:
Political debates were encouraged.
Explanation:
Humanism, a philosophical movement that emerged in the Renaissance, encouraged political debate in Europe.
Hummanist philosophers put the human being at the center of the philosophical debate (hence the name of the movement), and began to question some forms of power which they found denigrating to human dignity.
The debates however, were not very revolutionary, and it would not be until the Enlightment that true revolutionary political change would come about.
Answer:
A shark is not a mammal.
Explanation:
Mammals are a classification of animals that are famously known for breathing oxygen/air, having fur/hair, mammary glands (which are responsible for the females' ability to produce milk for their young), and (usually) the live birth of their offspring.
Giraffes, dogs, and whales all have the qualities mentioned above. Sharks, however, do not.
Sharks are fish. Unlike the whale, which must go to the surface to breathe the necessary oxygen, sharks have gills. This possession of gills, and not lungs, allows them to breathe only underwater.
Since sharks can't breathe oxygen like mammals can, they are therefore not mammals.
I think it might be Freedom of Speech, not really sure though.
National landmarks......?