EcoBean, a chain of cafes, has introduced a Special Shopper Card that allows customers to pay in advance for coffee and snacks.
2 answers:
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Answer:
Explanation:
U(C, L) = (C – 100) × (L – 40)
(a) C = (w - t)[110 - L] + 320
C = 10[110 - L] + 320
C + 10L = 1420
where,
C- consumption
w - wages
t - taxes
L - Leisure
(b) Given that,
L = 100 then,
C = 420
= 5.33
(c) L = 110
C = 320
Reservation wage:
= 3.14
(d) At optimal level,
C - 100 = 10L - 400
C - 10L = -300
C = 10L - 300
Using budget constraint:
C + 10L = 1420
10L - 300 + 10L = 1420
20L = 1720
L* = 86 and C* = 560
Answer:
the annual pre-tax cost of debt is 10.56%
Explanation:
the beore-tax component cost of debt will be the actual market rate of the bonds, as they offer an interest rate of 11% but are selling at 104 points not at par thus, there is a difference between the rates.
We solve for the rate which makes the coupon and maturity 104
with excel or a financial calculator
PV of the coupon payment
C 5.500 (100 x 11%/2)
time 60 (30 years x 2 payment per year)
rate <em>0.052787474</em>
PV $99.4338
PV of the maturity
Maturity 100.00
time 60.00
rate <em>0.052787474</em>
PV 4.57
<em><u>Adding both we should get 104 which is the amount the bonds is selling:</u></em>
PV coupon $99.4338 + PV maturity $4.5662 = $104.0000
The rate is generated using goal seek or wiht a financial calculator.
This rate is a semiannual rate, so we multiply by 2 to get the annual cost of debt:
0.052787474 x 2 = 0.105574947
The cost of debt for the firm is 10.56%