Answer:
Explanation: As microorganisms, in particular bacteria, are found virtually everywhere, harmful microorganisms may be reduced to acceptable levels rather than actually eliminated. In food preparation, microorganisms are reduced by preservation methods such as cooking, cleanliness of utensils, short storage periods, or by low temperatures.
Answer:
High Temperature, X-rays, Radiation, Some Chemicals
Explanation:
In general, mutations happen due to some error in the DNA duplication process, however, there are certain factors in the environment that can increase the incidence rate of these genetic errors. Excessive exposure to x-rays, substances present in smoke, ultraviolet light, excessive temperature, nitrous acid and some dyes present in food, for example, can favor the appearance of mutations. In general, we can say that mutations can be caused by high temperature, X-rays, radiation, some chemicals.
A challenge to traditional (pre-1860) ideas about species came from embryology, when it was discovered that embryos of dissimilar organisms, such as sharks and humans, resemble each other. Embryology involves the study of the formation and the development of an embryo and the fetus. It is one type of evidence of evolution such that the embryos of many different kinds of animals, mammals, reptiles, birds, fish among others, are similar showing a common ancestry.
<span> carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Hope this helped!</span>
