Explanation:
Base Form (Infinitive): To Take
Past Simple: Took
Past Participle: Taken
3rd Person Singular: Takes
- Present Participle/Gerund: Taking
Because they have left the connections of their families without making new families or aspirations.
10¹² / 10⁻³ = 10¹⁵
The answer is d.
I think is the first one will be better