Explanation:
Ecosystems exist at a range of scales and involve the interaction between biotic and abiotic components. An example of a small scale UK ecosystem to illustrate the concept of interrelationships within a natural system, an understanding of producers, consumers, decomposers, food chain, food web and nutrient cycling.
The ice caps are melting due to global warming which is being affected by the polluted air
A cliff is a rock exposure with a near vertical (or is vertical) facing. An escarpment is a long cliff, or steep slope. (causes faulting processes)
It's C. The removal of water from aquifers.
