Answer:
They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients. They directly help to maintain the population sizes of different predators. They primarily eliminate toxins from the water that can harm phytoplankton.
Explanation:
Hope it helps I found it on brainly
Answer: Backdating the time required for food found in the stomach of the deceased to digest. Since digestion can't continue after death.
Explanation: The time taken for food to get digested can be employed to depicts time of death. This process involves understanding the period of time that usually takes the food found in the gastric of the deceased to calculate the time of death.
Different foods has varying time of digestion, so therefore, the gastric content is a good indicator to determine time of death by the doctor who is carrying out autopsy, since digestion does not continue after death.
However, it is established by scientist that food takes up to 4-6hours in the stomach depending on the size and type of food. Hence, if the status of the food found in the deceased stomach is noted accordingly and the time taken requires for digestion is also noted، the doctor can deduce the time of death accordingly from this two points.
Answer: a. Genetic recombination (crossing over)
b. Can also be explained in terms of crossing over
c. Non disjunction of homologous chromosomes in meiosis 1
Explanation:
The process that allows for the transfer of both the paternal and maternal materials to is the crossing over process that takes at meiosis 1 changing them to secondary spermatocytes. While they are still primary spermatocytes, they are still diploid cells having both the maternal and paternal chromosomes. But since the spermatozoon is an haploid cell, it is able to retail some of both parents chromosome by the crossing over event which takes place between homologous paternal and maternal chromosomes allowing them to exchange materials. Thus the chromosomal contents of the primary spermatocyte differs from that of the spermatozoon.
C. This can occur as a result of the one of the homologous chromosome pair refusing to separate at meiosis 1 with one gamete containing 4 chromosomes/8 sister chromatids and the second having 2 chromosomes/4 sister chromatids.
The correct answer is: (a) RNA polymerase (along with its sigma subunit) can initiate transcription on its own.
More differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription:
• In prokaryotes transcription occurs in the cytoplasm (unlike in eukaryotes in nucleus) and it is simultaneous with translation,
• In prokaryotes there is only one type of RNA polymerase (in eukaryotes there are three types of them).
• There is no sigma subunit in eukaryotes, the initiation of transcription begins thanks to initiation factors.
• Promoter region in prokaryotes contains pribnow box, while in eukaryotes it contains TATA and CAT box.
(B it breaks down carbon- base sugar molecules to release energy and forms carbon dioxide
