Answer 
calm 
hope this helped (:
        
             
        
        
        
Probability that the 7th grader is a boy = number of boys/(total kids) = 4/(4+4) = 1/2
  
Probability that the 8th grader is a boy = 5/(5+7) = 5/12
  
Probability that both are boys = 1/2*(5/12) = 5/24 or 20.8%
I hope this helps!
 
        
             
        
        
        
It means to give credit to the author and source. It helps in an argument because when you're trying to prove a point, you have to have factual evidence that proves you're right.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Look below.
Explanation:
The author developed a bias in favor of climbing by exemplifying the benefits that climbing has on your mental and physical self. The author uses persuasive words such as better and hooked. The author uses something common that every one struggles with as a solution with climbing.