The Renaissance was the ending period of Medieval times when societies were already opening and able to create a period of cultural, artistic, political and economic rebirth from the dark ages of Medieval times.
During this period religion was put aside and philosophy, literature, and art became the center of the knowledge, which was also a change from the Medieval period.
We can say that the Renaissance is a part of the Middle Ages because it is the end of it before the modern-day civilization.
What Are States' Rights?
The Civil War<em> is believed by most to be caused because of the issue of slavery. Some, however, believe that it was actually about states' rights, or the rights of states to govern themselves outside of the control of the federal government. Whenever states' rights arguments are made, they all eventually come back to slavery. States' rights were simply a convenient political debate to fit the slavery argument into.
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<em>The American Civil War was, ultimately, about one thing: slavery. However, other issues found their way into the debate as well. Arguably the most significant of these was the issue of states' rights. The idea of states' rights, at its most basic level, is the idea that the states that make up the United States of America should have individual rights to work as their own independent governments beyond the control of the national government. For example, while most states in the U.S. have a minimum driving age of sixteen years, it is actually up to each individual state to decide. In South Dakota, for instance, the driving age is actually fourteen. This is generally believed to be due to the large farming population that requires the help of young teens on family farms, often requiring that these teens drive trucks or tractors to tend to crops and livestock, but there is no legislative evidence for this belief. In New Jersey, the minimum driving age is seventeen, the highest in the country. There have been efforts in the past decades to impose a national law for the driving similar to the national drinking age in 1985, but these efforts have not been successful as of 2017.</em>
<span>Did now have political structure </span>
Answer:
Social – The social conditions in France in the late 18th century were remarkably unequal and exploitative. The clergy and the nobility formed the first two Estates and were the most privileged classes in French society. They were excluded from the payment of taxes to the State. On the other hand, the Third Estate that consisted of peasants and workers formed the majority of the population. They were charged with excessive taxes with no political and social rights. As a result, they were extremely discontent.
Economic – As a result of numerous wars waged by Louis XVI the State coffers were empty. The situation was made even more complex by France’s involvement in the American War of Independence and the faulty system of taxation. While the privileged classes were excused from paying taxes the Third Estate was more and more burdened with them.
Political – The Bourbon king of France, Louis XVI was an extremely autocratic and weak-willed king who led a life of obscene luxury. This led to a lot of disenchantment among the masses who then were leading life of extreme poverty and widespread hunger.
Intellectual – The 18th century was marked by a conscious refusal by French thinkers of the ‘Divine Rights Theory’. Philosophers like Rousseau rejected the paradigm of absolute monarchy and promulgated the doctrine of equality of man and sovereignty of people. They played a pivotal role in exposing the fault lines of the old political system, i.e. the ancien regime, and articulating the popular discontent.
