Answer:
20 is the greatest common denominator. You can find this by listing the factors of each number. The highest number that can fit into both individual numbers is the common denominator. Since 40 is just 20 doubled, and 20 is just 20 once, it fits into both numbers and is also the highest number that can fit.
This doesn't represent an function. Because the output is uneven to the other outputs,
1=4, 2=7 if you divided 2 into 2 parts it would equal 1=3.5 not 4.