Like many others, Leonardo da Vinci was one of the undeniable world geniuses during human history and civilization. Thus, many of his inventions, due to their genius, remained accessible to a small number of people, while most of them remained unavailable and, above all, incomprehensible. Also, many of his inventions were avant-garde, something that would only be lived through for several centuries, and as such are also incomprehensible to contemporaries. His scientific and innovative approach was represented even in his works of art, which besides artistic value, have a hidden scientific, timeleless and mathematical message. He was known for encrypted writing, abbreviations, and one of these well-known techniques is writing from right to left, but as mirror-image writing. His inventions and observations have remained coded in many different codes, which are to the common reader incomprehensible, and without logic.
Radical and moderate Republicans both tried to help African Americans during the era of Reconstruction (12 years after the Civil War). This includes:
1) Creation of the Freedmen's Bureau- This federal agency helped newly freed slaves receive an education, helped them to sign labor contracts in which they would get paid for their work, and find housing.
2) 14th amendment- This constitutional amendment ensured that any citizen born on US soil was automatically a US citizen. Along with this, the equal protection clause was established. The goal of this clause was to ensure that all citizens were treated equally under the law.
3) 15th amendment- This gave African American men the right to vote in national elections.
These efforts were somewhat successful. However, the creation of new Southern governments that used legal loopholes limited the positive effects of the aforementioned actions. Black codes, literacy tests, poll taxes, and Jim Crow laws were all actions taken by state governments to limit the rights of newly freed African Americans.
No they were not based on this
Very good question, scary stuff.
The answer is kyoto protocol.
Good luck :)