Correct answers that were part of ancient Egyptian civilization are: B. civilization called "the gift of the Nile". C. a form of picture writing called hieroglyphics.
A greek historian called Egypt "the gift of the Nile" because the Nile's annual flooding and resulting depositing of fertile silt permitted Egyptian civilization to survive and flourish.
Hieroglyphics is a picture writing developed in 3000 B.C. This was a very complicated way of writing. It could be written in any direction.
1850.................................... I think
The answer is the Jews. Christianity was just recognized as the official religion almost everywhere leaves Judaism by persecuted