The main change is the countries the immigrants were coming from. The immigrants in 1840s were coming from the Western Europe mainly Ireland and Germany. Immigrants from Asia and Eastern Europe were coming a bit later while during the beginning of the 20th century most of the immigrants came from Italy.
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3. Democracy and capitalism, especially showed throuought the Red Scare.
To protect our country! I hope this helps :D!
King James I granted The Virginia Company a royal charter for the colonial pursuit in 1606.