The answer is a, Great Britain, France, and Russia.
Hope this helps!
The conflict in Sudan is mostly a resource conflict fueled by religious and ethnic differences. Before south Sudan seceded the resource conflict was influenced by religious differences between the two nations. however, after the christian south seceded, ethnic differences has fueled the oil conflict in the continent newest states.
I would say the Hittites and the Celts. The Hittites thrived and disbanded before the beginnings of the Roman empire. The Celts were absorbed by the Romans but were keen to follow their ways.
The British founded Jamestown
answer is H: permanent alliances.