They are called fringing reefs. They grow directly from shore and form borders along the shoreline.
When a fringing reef continues to grow upward from a volcanic island that has sunk entirely below the sea level, an atoll is formed. Atolls are usually circular or oval in shape, with an open lagoon in the center.
The fringing reef is the most common type of coral reef. They however tend to be very sensitive to human induced pollution in the water and are easily destroyed by such.
Answer:
animal interference and vegetation, as well as limestone crystallization.
The pollutants released into the atmosphere cause local air pollution <span>. However, they also cause regional air pollution, as with huge plumes of smoke covering a large area, and acid rain. Beyond that, we are emitting such a high level of pollutants that they are causing serious global environmental problems: climate change and ozone depletion. The human race has become capable of affecting the atmosphere that encircles the Earth, and the very planet itself.</span>
