Answer:
4.9 ^10_5
Explanation:
the negative sign after the exponent is as a result of the decimal point after the number
Answer:
Allows to reabsorb water.
Explanation:
The kidney uses energy to generate an osmotic gradient (that is the difference in the concentration of two spaces separated by a membrane). This gradient allows the kidney to reabsorb water, and so create more concentrated urine or less concentrated, depending on how hydrated the body is.
Answer:
b. A second marker in the knock-out cassette, that if inserted into the genome results in cell death when plated on selective media.
Explanation:
General recombination, also known as homologous recombination, refers to the naturally occurring process of exchange of genetic material between pairs of homologous DNA sequences. This process (homologous recombination) can be exploited by genetic engineering to insert DNA segments of interest at target genes. Moreover, a cassette is a mobile DNA segment containing almost a gene and a recombination site, which is integrated into the <em>locus</em>/<em>loci</em> of interest by homologous recombination. A cassette may contain a DNA segment called 'negative marker' which prevents growth under particular conditions, while a positive marker permits growth under certain conditions. In consequence, a second marker consisting of a drug cassette may be used as a negative marker in order to evidence its insertion by inducing cell death when they are plated in selective conditions.
Enzymes called decarboxylases catalyze the removal of the (COOH) from an amino acid. The carboxyl group is an organic functional group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. Another way to view it is as a carbonyl group (C=O) that has a hydroxyl group (O-H) attached to the carbon atom.
The carboxyl group is commonly written as -C(=O)OH or -COOH.