Trail by ordeal was an ancient judicial practice by which the guilt or innocence of the accused was determined by subjecting them to a painful, or at least unpleasant usually dangerous experience. The test was one of life or death, and the proof of innocence was survival. In some cases the accused was considered innocent if they escaped the injury or if their injuries healed.
B. The appeal of freedom and the containment of Communism
French opera is one of Europe's most important operatic traditions, containing works by composers of the stature of Rameau, Berlioz, Gounod, Bizet, Massenet, Debussy, Ravel, Poulenc and Messiaen.
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